E-ISSN 2223-0343

Hyperchloremic hyperkalemic non-anion gap metabolic acidosis in diarrheic calves treated with 0.9% sodium chloride intravenously

Zuhair Bani Ismail, M. Muhaffel and H. Talafha

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan

 
Abstract

In this clinical report, we described for the first time a rarely encountered and poorly described acid-base imbalance in diarrheic calves in natural settings. Three, Holstein-Friesian calves aged 9, 17, and 21 days were presented unable to stand after being treated with intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride solution to correct dehydration following an episode of diarrhea for 3 to 4 days. Calves were reportedly recumbent for two days prior to presentation. At presentation, the calves were recumbent but bright and responsive. There was no fever or any signs of dehydration. Serum biochemical analysis revealed hyperchloremia, hyperkalemia and normal anion gap in all 3 calves. A diagnosis of mixed acid-base balance characterized by hyperchloremic hyperkalemic non-anion gap metabolic acidosis was made. The calves recovered after treatment using intravenous injection of 1.3% balanced sodium bicarbonate solution with 5% dextrose for 24 hours. This case report demonstrates the high possibility of diarrheic calves to develop uncommon acid-base imbalances during the course of treatment that may affect negatively the outcome if not treated appropriately.

Keywords: Diarrhea, acid-base balance, calves
 
To cite this article: Ismail ZB, M. Muhaffel, H. Talafha 2016. Hyperchloremic hyperkalemic non-anion gap metabolic acidosis in diarrheic calves treated with 0.9% sodium chloride intravenously. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci., 7(2): 54-57.
 
 

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